Abstract

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a facility which provides treatment and care for critically ill patients. Due to patients’ serious conditions, the units must be equipped with advanced medical technology and qualified staffs. Standards and guidelines, which cover ICU design and construction, work process and personnel have been created. However, due to high cost, such standards cannot be achieved in low resource areas. Even in developed countries may face this condition during medical crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemics. It is therefore essential to identify the critical elements within these guidelines that can be adapted based on the available evidence, experiences, and resources specific to each area.